The Bhopal Disaster
In a world history, there are events that drastically changed the way the humanity thinks about the world around it. With no doubt, the largest in history man-made disaster is the Bhopal disaster, which occurred on the night from 2nd to 3rd December, 1984, in the Indian city of Bhopal. There was an emission of about 40 tons of highly toxic gas methyl isocyanine (MIC) at a pesticide plant “Union Carbide” corporation. The failure in the security area caused dense cloud of poisonous gas, which quickly engulfed about 40 square kilometers with a population of over half a million people. According to the official sources, “Union Carbide” as a direct result of gas killed more than 500 people; about 6,000 have received serious chemical injury, 2,000 of them died in the next few weeks. Around 100,000 people were in need of various forms of treatment. However, another statistic says a much higher number of dead and injured. In addition, that source is no reason not to trust. Moreover, even today, about 20,000 people still live near the company, subject to the toxic effects of contaminated soil and groundwater. In 1984, almost 900,000 inhabitants lived in Bhopal. Approximately 53% of the population were Hindus, 45% – Muslims, and others – Christians and Sikhs. Monthly income of 80% of people was below $ 6 per month, half the cost of living was defined by the government. Unemployment covered 65% of men and 95% women; 40% of men and 65% of women were not literate. Only a third of the city’s population lived in permanent dwellings. Since the beginning of last century, its people died of hunger (in other decades decline amounted to 70%). Traditional agriculture was not able to deal with weeds, diseases and pests, could not even feed tens of thousands of then population. Oddly enough, the origin of a chemical plant in Bhopal pursued humane purposes: supply of pesticides to protect the Indian agriculture. Chemicals, which were made in Bhopal, promoted reform of the agricultural sector of India in the modern production that could independently provide one of the most densely populated regions of the world. Corporation “Union Carbide” had a long history in India, beginning in 1905, when the company began selling products made overseas. In 1924, enterprise of the assembling components of chemical batteries made in England was established in Calcutta. The Bhopal plant was launched in 1969. First, it produced pesticides from chemicals imported from the U.S. However, already in 1975, the Indian Government has licensed to own pesticide “Sevin,” which used methyl isocyanine as one of the components also initially imported from the United States. In those years, India has sought in every way to achieve the industrial self-sufficiency, which ultimately led to the construction of the Bhopal own enterprise for the production of methyl isocyanine at the end of the 1970s. The “Union Carbide” company leased from the government of Madhya Pradesh the land for the construction. In 1984, the Indian branch of “Union Carbide,” 51 percent of which was owned by the U.S. parent corporation, celebrated its fiftieth anniversary. Consisting of 14 companies with 9,000 employees, the company was a decent part of the overall global business strategy of a corporation that has become the most actively developed after the Second World War. By a process methyl isocyanine was first consumed from the first tank but, at this period, it had trouble keeping the pressure. As a result, on the 2nd of December, this tank contained about 42 tons of MIC. At midnight, the temperature in it approached 38 C0 (i.e. the boiling point of the MIC) and then began to grow rapidly. Sharply higher-pressure safety valve broke off and about 40 tons of MIC vapors out through the vent line to the atmosphere. In the early Monday hours on the 3rd of December, poison gas cloud enveloped the hundreds of shacks and huts surrounding the pesticide plant in the Indian city of Bhopal. Deadly cloud slowly, at a rate of about 5 miles per hour, drifted into the night air in the southeast. Since night was cool, concentrated toxic cloud pressed to the ground – the height did not exceed five meters. People woke in their homes by attacks of breathlessness and coughing. They felt a strong pain in the eyes, their lungs filled with fluid. Many died while sleeping and did not wake up. Thousands of people were running the streets having no idea how to protect themselves. To the morning when the gas dispersed, people who were in the cloud area were already dead or poisoned. Thus, all the employees and passengers of bus and train stations that situated two kilometers far were killed. Different sources stated beginning from two thousands to eight thousands people were dead (Greenpeace, n.d.). There were more than ten thousand of injured people. Another tries to count the victims of this tragedy were taken. The statistics of mourning shrouds and cremation wood sales proved seven-eight thousands of dead. The drivers, who took the bodies to the nearest forest from the city area for the funerals in a mass scale, put another evidences of a possible amount of killed by the gas. According their evidences, the next three-four days, they were loading nearly one hundred twenty bodies to each truck and were doing almost five trips a day. Therefore, the victims’ quantity was nearly fifteen-twenty thousands of people. The drivers also mentioned that many persons were buried unidentified. Consequently, there was a big Gipsy group on a bus station, all of them were found dead. No one could identify them because people tried to avoid any contacts with them. There were many such cases. Nevertheless, the main task was to clean the city from the terrifying results of the tragedy not to let the epidemic spread among the survived. The humanity entered the new century. It looks straight to the future with optimism and with a fatal feeling of possible danger. The previous century – the century of technical progress – turned the surrounding world into a techno sphere, which provided the abilities of the comfortable life almost to everybody as well as underlined a safety of humanity is dependent on accident-free infrastructure of the cities. If the article was cognitive for you, proceed to read other articles on https://essayscreator.com/. Most of the articles are written by Amelia Miles, a history essay writer.
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Los casos de muerte por negligencia suelen ser complejos. Los testigos, tal vez, pueden dar testimonios equivocados de los acontecimientos, o el responsable puede decir mentiras para evitar toda responsabilidad. Un abogado de muerte injusta puede hacer las investigaciones necesarias hasta llegar al fondo de lo sucedido. ¿QUÉ ES UN ABOGADO DE MUERTE INJUSTA?
El abogado puede verificar si alguna cámara de seguridad captó el accidente. Esta evidencia puede ser de tremenda ayuda para determinar si el otro conductor violó alguna ley de tráfico o si actuó con negligencia. Esta información puede servir para armar tu caso de muerte injusta.
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